Titanium Bar States: Annealed, Hot-Worked & Cold-Worked Differences

Titanium rods have three main states: annealed, hot-rolled, and cold-rolled. Each state has unique advantages and can meet specific needs based on the required strength, flexibility, and processing requirements. So, what are the differences between these three states?

1. Annealed (M) - High Stability & Versatile Applications

Characteristics:

Process: Titanium bars are heated to 600~800°C and slowly cooled to eliminate internal stress and enhance ductility.
Mechanical Properties: Excellent plasticity, moderate strength, and high fatigue resistance.
Surface Quality: Uniform and smooth, suitable for direct machining or final use.

Applications:

Medical Industry: Orthopedic implants, dental implants, surgical instruments (e.g., titanium screws and plates).
Aerospace: Aircraft fasteners, structural components, engine parts.
Industrial Applications: Marine engineering, chemical processing, automotive manufacturing.

2. Cold Rolled (Y) - High Strength & Precision Finish

Characteristics:

Process: Rolled at or near room temperature to increase strength, hardness, and dimensional accuracy.
Mechanical Properties: High strength and hardness, but lower plasticity compared to annealed titanium.
Surface Quality: Smooth and polished finish, ideal for precision components.

Applications:

Medical Devices: Precision orthopedic implants, dental implants, surgical instruments.
Aerospace: High-strength titanium alloy fasteners, precision structural parts.
Electronics Industry: Titanium foils, precision parts, 5G communication components.

3. Hot Rolled (R) - High Plasticity & Cost-Effective

Characteristics:

Process: Rolled at high temperatures (above 900°C) for excellent plasticity and easy post-processing.
Mechanical Properties: High toughness, suitable for welding, bending, and secondary processing.
Surface Quality: Slightly rougher surface but more cost-effective, ideal for large-scale production.

Applications:

Industrial Manufacturing: Chemical equipment, oil pipelines, shipbuilding, mechanical processing.
Aerospace: Aircraft engine components, large titanium alloy structures.
Automotive Industry: Car frames, exhaust systems, lightweight components.

Comparison of Titanium Rods Processing States

How to Choose the Right Titanium Bar?

Need balanced performance for multiple applications (e.g., medical, aerospace)? → Choose Annealed (M)
Need high precision & smooth surface (e.g., medical, electronics)? → Choose Cold Rolled (Y)
Need high plasticity & easy machining (e.g., industrial, aerospace structures)? → Choose Hot Rolled (R)

Contact Bokang Titanium today for high-quality titanium bars tailored to your needs!