How to enhance the bonding between dental titanium plates and bones through surface treatment technology?

Like implants, the key to successful implantation and long-term stability of dental titanium plates is to form a tight bond with the surrounding bone cavity. Osseous integration refers to the direct and stable bond between the implant and the bone, which depends on the microstructure and chemical properties of the implant. Improving these surface properties of titanium plates through surface treatment technology is of great significance for improving the biocompatibility of implants, promoting bone cell adhesion and growth, and accelerating the formation of osseointegration.

Sandblasting is a widely used surface treatment technology for dental titanium plates. It uses high-speed abrasive particles (such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, etc.) to reach the surface of the titanium plate, forming small holes and leaks, thereby increasing the roughness of the surface. This rough surface morphology is conducive to the attachment and growth of bone cells because they can grow and expand more easily in these small structures. Sandblasting can also remove contaminants and oxide layers on the surface of the titanium plate, release a fresh metal layer, and promote chemical bonding with the bone.

The effect of sandblasting depends on many factors, including the type, size, speed and angle of the sandblasting particles. Different combinations of these factors will result in different morphologies and surface roughness, which will affect the bond strength between the implant and the bone. In practical applications, it is necessary to select appropriate sandblasting parameters according to the type of implant, implant site and patient's condition.

Acid etching is another commonly used surface treatment technology for dental titanium discs. Acidic solutions (such as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.) are used to chemically corrode the surface of the titanium disc and form small holes and pores. These holes and pores not only increase the roughness of the surface, but also improve the chemical properties of the surface and promote the formation of chemical bonds with bones.

The effects of acid corrosion are also affected by many factors, including the type, concentration, treatment time and temperature of the acid solution. Different combinations of these factors will produce different surface morphologies and chemical properties, which will affect the bond strength between the implant and the bone. Compared with sandblasting, acid corrosion focuses more on the change of the surface chemical properties of the titanium wafer, while sandblasting focuses more on increasing the surface roughness. In practical applications, these two treatment techniques are often used in combination to obtain the best surface modification effect.

Plasma spraying is an advanced surface treatment technology for dental titanium discs. It uses the high temperature and high energy characteristics of plasma to melt and spray specific coating materials (such as hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, etc.) on the surface of titanium wafers to form a uniform and dense coating. This coating not only improves the chemical properties of the titanium disc surface, but also increases its biocompatibility and osteoinductivity, which helps the fixation and growth of bone cells.

The advantage of plasma spraying technology is that the composition, structure and thickness of the coating can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the surface properties of the titanium plate. The choice of coating materials is also very wide, which can adapt to specific implant needs and individual patient differences. However, plasma spraying technology also has some challenges, such as the bonding strength between the pavement and the substrate, as well as the uniformity and stability of the pavement. In practical applications, spraying parameters and process conditions need to be strictly controlled to ensure the quality and performance of the coating.

The surface properties of dental titanium discs have been greatly improved through surface treatment technologies such as sandblasting, acid etching and plasma spraying. These treatments not only increase the surface roughness and hydrophilicity, but also improve the chemical properties and biocompatibility of the surface. These changes are conducive to the fixation and growth of bone cells and promote the formation of bone bonds.

Experimental studies have shown that the anti-bone bonding and stability of titanium dental plates after surface treatment are significantly improved. In animal experiments, the treated implants can form a strong bone bond with the bone faster and have a higher stable bonding force. In clinical studies, the treated implants also showed better long-term stability and success rate. These results fully demonstrate the effectiveness of surface treatment technology in improving the bonding strength of titanium dental plates to bones.